Effect of <i>Delphinium denudatum </i>Wall. (Jadwar) on knee osteoarthritis: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common disease of joints. The management OA challenging due to efficacy and safety treatments. In recent decades, traditional herbal medicines have been introduced for treatment disease. Delphinium denudatum Wall. (Jadwar) a medicinal herb with long-lasting usage in Persian medicine joint diseases. present study aimed investigate effect Jadwar on pain symptoms knee OA. Methods: this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 104 patients were randomly assigned into two groups intervention control. While group received one capsule (500 mg) twice day four weeks, control placebo capsules. primary outcomes, including pain, stiffness, physical activity evaluated using Western Ontario McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline weeks after intervention. Results: Ninety-four participants completed study. Considering time interaction, data analysis revealed significant decrease VAS score (37.23±12.58 vs. 57.87±13.21), total WOMAC (24.83±9.70 49.17±12.89), (7.19±2.90 12.40±4.46), stiffness (2.06± 0.845 4.11±1.14), function (15.57±7.25 32.66±9.78) compared (P&lt;0.0001 all outcomes). Additionally, no serious adverse effects reported. Conclusion: can be suggested as safe plant because it relieve